Ontology: Include energy exchange and market

[stap-m]

Description of the issue

Related to #256
Discussion from the 5th oeo developer meeting

Include energy exchange and market into the oeo

Ideas of solution

Proposal: An energy exchange is an exchange in which energy is traded.

An exchange is a kind of institution where goods and services can be traded. (synonym market)

Workflow checklist

• [ ] I discussed the issue with someone else than me before working on a solution
• [ ] I already read the latest version of the workflow for this repository
• [ ] I added this issue to the Project 'Issues'. If suitable, I add it to further Projects.
• [ ] The goal of this ontology is clear to me

I am aware that

• [ ] every new entry in the ontology should have an annotation
• [ ] classes should arise from concepts rather than from words

[akleinau]

From dev meeting:

• Institution: An Institution is a role that depends on a society (aggregate of people) and which provides a structure for human actions by means of rules and norms which may be written or unwritten.
• Exchange: An exchange is an institution where goods and services can be traded. (synonym market)
• Energy Exchange: An energy exchange is an exchange in which energy is traded.
• society(?): A society is an object aggregate of people.

[han-f]

Exchange: An exchange is an institution where goods and services can be traded. (synonym market)

Isn't an exchange a specific activity that takes place, e.g. I give you a piece of chocolate and you give me a strawberry and the market is the institution where such exchange takes place, for example using money as the standardised currency for conducting the exchange.

[han-f]

See for example here: _A market is an arrangement between buyers and sellers to exchange goods or services for money._ https://www.economicsonline.co.uk/Definitions/Market.html

[han-f]

Suggestions:
Trade: the act of exchanging one commodity or service for another commodity (usually money)
Market: an place (institution?) where buyers and sellers trade goods or services for money.
EnergyMarket: a market where energy commodities are traded.

Note: I could also trade chocolate for strawberries, or my laptop for a book. In this case there is no single standardised means for exchange that allows for comparison of values of goods. Such an exchange would be barter. I assume we would not depict exchange/trade like this but have as a prerequisite that exchanges are based on money?

[han-f]

And similarly:
CarbonMarket: a market where emission allowances are traded
-> I assume this is what is meant with carbon market? Trading emission certificates under the EU ETS?

FuelMarket: a market where fuel commodities are traded

[stap-m]

Sorry, I also wanted to assign @litotes18 who presented the issue on the 5th oeo dev meeting. Somehow, this doesn't work. Is he not part of the team yet?
Should someone else from LOD be assigned?

[litotes18]

Hi, I am happy to discuss these issues here. I guess I am the only one in Lod interested in markets.
Sorry for the late reply, but I am on leave until May 1st. Then I will be more active again. Sorry for posting this here, but I do not have your email adresses, and I do not want to mail @notifications...
Thanks!

[litotes18]

I like the definition of institution and the others proposed by @akleinau. The def. of institution as of now in oeo "An institution is an organization that serve a social purpose." is not as precise.

[akleinau]

as population and society defs are similar, we decided to use population instead of society until population isn't appropriate for the meaning

[han-f]

decison oeo-dev meeting 14:

Energy market exchange: A market exchange in which energy commodities are traded.

[stap-m]

market exchange was adressed in #748. As far as I can see, the only thing open from this issue is carbon market (exchange).
A suggestion by @han-f was:

CarbonMarket: a market where emission allowances are traded

We have emission certificate whose def already refers to markes: _An emission certificate is a license that permits its holder/owner a specific emission value. An emission certificate can be traded at a CO2 market exchange._
Is carbon market exchange the right term, or emission market exchange?

[han-f]

I think we can use the term emission certificate in the definition instead of emission allowance as the certificates refer to a specific emission value and these are traded, how about:
_emission market exchange: a market exchange where emission certificates are traded_

[stap-m]

And add the relation trades some emission certificate.