The Update either happens, or is disabled until all guided tour popups are dismissed. Maybe see this part of the tour (if image and page was done in the expected order, this is what you see):

Nothing. Clicking the update button didn't save the page or move me to the next guided tour modal.
Chrome 67.0.3396.99
Mac OS 10.13.6
Thanks for the report, Melissa -- good find.
Pinging @taggon. Can you take a look when you have a chance?
User in 1341800-zen reported this.
After some investigation I think it's borking in the save post action.
We don't send a request to the API and return null if the post is unchanged. It's still treated however as a successful save and null is therefore passed to the success callback, the effect of which, is... well... null. :)
I'll look further.
_Edit:_
The result of changedAttributes = getPostEdits( getState(), siteId, postId ); in wp-calypso/blob/master/client/state/posts/actions.js is null, meaning that the post has no edits. This seems to occur so long as the post isn't dirty.
We could, in order of least annoying:
1) Just dismiss the checklist item and do nothing else
2) Disable the Editor Update/Publish button until isEditedPostDirty is true (or something like that) (in isEnabled() in client/post-editor/editor-publish-button/index.jsx) I tried it, and it looks something like this:

We should still probably dismiss the tour modal.
3) ??
What do you think @fditrapani?
@ramonjd I think we should dismiss the checklist item and leave the "Update" active. If we disable the button, it might cause some confusion: "Hmm Update button is this disabled, that's weird. I probably can't edit this post for some reason, maybe something's not working properly?"
- ??
Going back to the suggestion made by OP, I like the suggestion to show a modal that asks the user to continue with the checklist, instead of just dismissing the tour modal.

I like this suggestion because:
(1) It gives a nudge to the user to proceed to the next items in the checklist.
(2) Positive reinforcement - "Great job", "Your Awesome!" etc
(3) It is inline with how the guided tour operates in other parts of the checklist. For example, if I add a site tagline, then I see this:

Thoughts?
asks the user to continue with the checklist, instead of just dismissing the tour modal.
Good suggestion. I actually wanted to implement this when the update was _successful_, but in my mind the logic needed some more fundamental fine-tuning. I can't get past the idea that returning null and an implied success to a user update action, when no update has occurred, is misleading.
It would be useful in another PR to automatically skip to the next step after a real, successful update. I did play with that option using nextGuidedTourStep( { tour, stepName } ) (the tour step names must be explicitly set), but because of the above reasons, it added too much noise to the initial task.
It would be useful however to iterate using your ideas here. 馃憤