After having spent some more time on this, I have been successful on my own. For documentation purposes here is what I did:
In order to use the
BLUETOOTH =AdafruitBLE
option I recreated the 32u4 feather setup:
This is still missing power, but that's next.
Edit: added image

The only issue I am having now is that when I press one key and then press another one, the first one gets typed again. I have read about this somewhere during my research on this, but I can't find it anymore. @wez can you remeber something like this? Thanks very much for your work on this, anyways!
FWIW, https://github.com/wez/qmk_firmware/commits/flutterby is the branch in my fork for the flutterby keyboard that I built that uses the SPIFRIEND, which is built on top of the Feather32u4 BLE code base where I prototyped the baseline support.
I also wrote up a build log here, that includes a schematic:
https://www.facebook.com/notes/wez-furlong/building-a-keyboard-ii/10154296367151787/
A couple of problems I found when integrating against the BLE modules from adafruit:
Awesome, thanks for the feedback! Will check it out and see if the firmware update helps.
@wez The firmware downgrade did improve latency a lot! Thanks for the tip. Can you make any sense of the problem with pressing multiple keys (see further up)
Sounds like something might be explicitly clearing the keyboard and sending the cleared state to the spifriend each time the matrix is changing? Hard to say.
Using the Bluetooth = AdafruitBLE option worked great for me as well. My question is, since I haven't seen this in the qmk.fm documentation anywhere, where could I have learned of this option if it weren't for this thread?
In case you haven't guessed, programming isn't my strong point so thank you in advance for answering what may be a very basic question.
For the record, this is the bluetooth numpad I have built as a stepping stone to a full sized keyboard.

By the way, thank you for all the work you put in to making this as simple for me as it was.
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FWIW, https://github.com/wez/qmk_firmware/commits/flutterby is the branch in my fork for the
flutterbykeyboard that I built that uses the SPIFRIEND, which is built on top of the Feather32u4 BLE code base where I prototyped the baseline support.I also wrote up a build log here, that includes a schematic:
https://www.facebook.com/notes/wez-furlong/building-a-keyboard-ii/10154296367151787/
A couple of problems I found when integrating against the BLE modules from adafruit: