Fastapi: [FEATURE] Option to infer response_model

[dmontagu]

Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.
Primarily for the sake of the generated OpenAPI spec (but also for security/validation reasons), I currently specify a response_model for nearly all of my endpoints, but for the vast majority of my endpoints, the response_model is the same as the type that the endpoint returns.

This means that I am frequently duplicating the response_model in the return annotation.

In order to reduce duplication/room for copying/refactoring mistakes, it would be great if it were possible to (optionally) infer the response_model from the endpoint signature.

It should still be possible to override the value, and it should be ignored if a raw Response class is returned, I would just want the default to be the annotated return type of the endpoint. Note: this implementation would also make it much easier to catch anywhere the response_model differed from the returned value's type while scanning through code.

To be clear, I don't think this needs to be the default behavior, I just would like the option to enable it.

---

I am currently using the following subclass of APIRouter in my code to enable this:

from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable, get_type_hints

from fastapi import APIRouter


class InferringRouter(APIRouter):
    if not TYPE_CHECKING:

        def add_api_route(self, path: str, endpoint: Callable[..., Any], **kwargs: Any) -> None:
            if kwargs.get("response_model") is None:
                kwargs["response_model"] = get_type_hints(endpoint).get("return")
            return super().add_api_route(path, endpoint, **kwargs)

    else:  # pragma: no cover
        pass

I think it would be nice if this capability was upstreamed though, both to ensure it is maintained, but also so others can benefit.

---

Describe the solution you'd like

Rather than using the above implementation (which has some problems -- for example, it isn't possible to specify None as the response_model with an annotated return type), I think it would be better if there were a boolean-valued keyword argument to the APIRouter initializer that, if enabled, would cause the default behavior to be to have the annotated return type used as the response_model by default.

[tjerkw]

Nice! I like this much better than duplicating it like this:

@app.get("/items/{item_id}", response_model=List[Order])
def get_orders() -> List[Order]:
    return []

[dmontagu]

For anyone following this thread, I've released fastapi-utils which includes the InferringRouter class above.

You can read the docs here: https://fastapi-utils.davidmontague.xyz/user-guide/inferring-router/

[erdnaxeli]

I would love this!

To be honest when I was reading the doc it was not obvious why this was not already implemented. As all inputs use annotations, it feels like the output should too. Reading the fastapi-utils documentation actually gives me some advices on why someone would like it to not be the case. I think the official documentation could explain this choice like the fastapi-utils one does.

[tiangolo]

Thanks for the clear explanation and argument @dmontagu . Yeah, it makes sense having it as an optional feature. And I see a lot of people would like that.

I think we might want to have a way to override the function annotation setting response_model=None explicitly. That would allow having the function annotated even for a specific case where we don't want the annotation to be used as a response model.

We could do something similar to what I did in Typer to handle all those defaults overridable with None: https://github.com/tiangolo/typer/blob/master/typer/models.py#L68 and here https://github.com/tiangolo/typer/blob/master/typer/main.py#L330 and then here: https://github.com/tiangolo/typer/blob/master/typer/main.py#L336

[tiangolo]

On another note, about why that's not the default, it's in the Technical Details note here: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/

Could it be explained better? I see a lot of people ask about it although it's there, and I'm not sure how else should we document it to make it more understandable.

[erdnaxeli]

On another note, about why that's not the default, it's in the Technical Details note here: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/

Could it be explained better? I see a lot of people ask about it although it's there, and I'm not sure how else should we document it to make it more understandable.

I missed that, but it seems to be in the correct place and well explained.

[tjerkw]

I have a PoC ready for making this work. But its not ready to be pushed
yet... Will update you on this.

On Tue, Feb 11, 2020, 11:23 Alexandre Morignot [e-mail]
wrote:

On another note, about why that's not the default, it's in the Technical
Details note here: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/

Could it be explained better? I see a lot of people ask about it although
it's there, and I'm not sure how else should we document it to make it more
understandable.

I missed that, but it seems to be in the correct place and well explained.

—
You are receiving this because you commented.
Reply to this email directly, view it on GitHub
https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/issues/620?email_source=notifications&email_token=AAGH5MIEGNGI5ZWSNROZ4PTRCJ4B5A5CNFSM4JAJBJGKYY3PNVWWK3TUL52HS4DFVREXG43VMVBW63LNMVXHJKTDN5WW2ZLOORPWSZGOELL4JAI#issuecomment-584565889,
or unsubscribe
https://github.com/notifications/unsubscribe-auth/AAGH5MLUL3B7D23DOC5NAELRCJ4B5ANCNFSM4JAJBJGA
.

[acnebs]

I think the API introduced by @dmontagu in fastapi_utils makes sense to integrate with FastAPI proper, with the addition of a response_model=None to override the return annotation as @tiangolo suggests.

Seems fairly trivial to handle this using a sentinel value.