Some weapons that have been modified can not be loaded with any ammunition or clips.
obviously, ability to load weapon after modification

Additional info i noticed
16:21:49.710 ERROR : src/item_contents.cpp:682 [item& item_contents::first_ammo()] Error: Tried to get first ammo in container not containing ammo
16:16:37.692 ERROR : src/ranged.cpp:797 [int player::fire_gun(const tripoint&, int, item&)] Unexpected shortage of ammo whilst firing Mosin-Nagant 1891/30
Having the same issue reloading an unmodded Mosin 1891/30. Can't load it at all, even though I have the proper clip AND ammo for it.
Maybe it's specifically the Mosin-Nagant 1891/30..?
Your top Mosin, the one that shows ammo count, says "M44 EBR" instead of "1891/30". Is it maybe a different model? Not a gun expert, nor a DDA expert, so if my question's dumb I apologize in advance.
doesn't matter, there are 4 variants of mosin riffle and neither works, i belive i also tried that with remington700 or maybe 24 (also bolt action rifle) but i am not sure
checked it again against most recent build
0.E-4329-ga3e5f32500
it appears only some guns are affected, this was testsed with modified rifle scope instead

My Mosin doesn't reload, period. Zed dropped guns are always spawning empty. Reloaded items or holsters on the ground spit out errors on load. Seems to be some sort of issue with nested containers.
Correction, zed dropped guns are spawning as such:
Holsters seem to still spawn with the gun, though. But as usual it's a handgun with a mag and has neither the mag nor ammo in it.
To provide some additional information for this, to maybe help in the bug hunting:
When you reload a weapon experiencing this problem, the ammo from your inventory is consumed, but nothing goes into the gun. Then, after a bit of time or some action (I haven't pinpointed this trigger) the missing ammo spawns on the ground under you. At this point, the gun can be reloaded, and the ammo from the ground picked up, but you have more ammo than you started with. Some or all of the ammo involved in this whole process is duped.
To provide some additional information for this, to maybe help in the bug hunting:
When you reload a weapon experiencing this problem, the ammo from your inventory is consumed, but nothing goes into the gun. Then, after a bit of time or some action (I haven't pinpointed this trigger) the missing ammo spawns on the ground under you. At this point, the gun can be reloaded, and the ammo from the ground picked up, but you have more ammo than you started with. Some or all of the ammo involved in this whole process is duped.
Wait... That's not what happens for me, at all. No ammo goes missing, none respawns, and the gun still can't be reloaded. Did you get any error message(s)?
To provide some additional information for this, to maybe help in the bug hunting:
When you reload a weapon experiencing this problem, the ammo from your inventory is consumed, but nothing goes into the gun. Then, after a bit of time or some action (I haven't pinpointed this trigger) the missing ammo spawns on the ground under you. At this point, the gun can be reloaded, and the ammo from the ground picked up, but you have more ammo than you started with. Some or all of the ammo involved in this whole process is duped.Wait... That's not what happens for me, at all. No ammo goes missing, none respawns, and the gun still can't be reloaded. Did you get any error message(s)?
Thats was also my experience to this point. weapon after modifying it was unable to hold ammo at all (i.e. look at the screen there is no [5/5] marker). If this is repeatable that may be separate, but related bug.
To provide some additional information for this, to maybe help in the bug hunting:
When you reload a weapon experiencing this problem, the ammo from your inventory is consumed, but nothing goes into the gun. Then, after a bit of time or some action (I haven't pinpointed this trigger) the missing ammo spawns on the ground under you. At this point, the gun can be reloaded, and the ammo from the ground picked up, but you have more ammo than you started with. Some or all of the ammo involved in this whole process is duped.Wait... That's not what happens for me, at all. No ammo goes missing, none respawns, and the gun still can't be reloaded. Did you get any error message(s)?
Yeah, I get the same "unexpected ammo shortage" error message.