Steps to Reproduce:

Bug as shown in the picture above.
I think this is a problem with Electron,
because my other application has same problem too (haroopad),
this application is also based on electron.
My electron version is 4.1.4 .
Does this issue occur when all extensions are disabled?: Yes/No
yes
dub of #74378?
@JAicewizard Yes, thanks!
Most of these issues I've been closing but I'll keep this one open for a bit so it's more discoverable.
The problem is related to your graphics drivers and/or Chromium not correctly blacklisting your configuration. Your current options are:
code --disable-gpu (you can add this to your code.desktop file but it will change back after an update)
"terminal.integrated.rendererType": "dom",
"editor.minimap.enabled": false
This sort of issue should hopefully resolve itself when we update Electrn (https://github.com/microsoft/vscode/issues/61787). You can vote on https://github.com/microsoft/vscode/issues/15211 to make it more convenient to disable GPU usage.
Use code.desktop file to start vscode without gpu:
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/29966747/how-can-i-disable-gpu-rendering-in-visual-studio-code
This is useful for me.
Not actually relevant, but just adding - In my original report, I said I hadn't observed display output problems in any other application. Well, now I have. On Steam, which also uses Chromium (probably CEF). The Friends&Chat window won't open, and the Steam News window shows up blank.
(edit) image removed; the Steam bug is actually not related (although there is one - Bug 110721 - graphics corruption on steam client with mesa 19.1.0 rc3 on polaris - that's not the one I was observing). Its description and proposed fixes can be found at the following locations:
https://steamcommunity.com/groups/SteamClientBeta/discussions/0/1848072002764995823/
https://steamcommunity.com/groups/SteamClientBeta/discussions/0/1848072002751160288/
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Steam/Troubleshooting#Steam_webview/game_browser_not_working_in_native_runtime
https://bugs.archlinux.org/task/62095
I have literally had that issue for like 2 years, its nothing new for me.
I have seen steam displaying the news/store as a bug at this point :P
I updated mesa to 19.0.6-1 and it fixed it for me(at least, for now)
@JAicewizard @Tyriar
Hi:
Today, I update vscode and mesa to newest version with ArchLinux.
Minamap and integrated terminal are working normally now!
Confirmed fixed on Mesa 19.0.6. See Bug 110761 - Huge problems between Mesa and Electron engine apps.
Thanks @ranolfi, closing off since it seems the root cause was found.