Windows build number: 10.0.18362.0
Windows Terminal version (if applicable): 1.0.1401.0
Any other software?
The git program runs outputting information about subcommands.
If I delete an emoji character that takes up two blocks of space, I expect the cursor to go backward two spaces, and I expect that pressing Enter will execute the command that is displayed.
The command prompt complains "gi: command not found", even though the line above still says "git"

Deleting double-width emoji will move the cursor back only one space, and the displayed command is be the command that will be executed.
I see you're using a PowerLine theme. Can you please share the name of it and for which shell? I suggest that you look into the theme's file (e.g. ~/.oh-my-zsh/agnoster.zsh-theme) and see if it's using "literal" emojis (😊) or encoded (\U1F60A or a plugin like emoji[smiling_face_with_smiling_eyes]).
I built a custom theme and had this issue. The problem was in the PowerLine part. It managed to render correctly, but it was badlly encoded and some characters would break it. Not an issue with the terminal.
Edit: For what I see it's relly bash with oh-my-bash, right?
Hey lemme real quick cross link this with discussion over in #6555, which is seeing some similar disagreement in character width
@guilhermetod Heh, you're right, it seems the Windows Terminal came with a powerline out of the box, and it DOES have some issues... but that's a red herring :) I only intended to highlight the difference between the command itself in line 1 ("git") and the interpreted command in line 2 ("gi").
It looks like we root-caused this in /dup #6555, so I'm gonna close this one out. Thanks everyone for reporting!
Hi! We've identified this issue as a duplicate of another one that already exists on this Issue Tracker. This specific instance is being closed in favor of tracking the concern over on the referenced thread. Thanks for your report!