n/a, see Snack below
Configuring a BottomNavigation with a single route and shifting enabled causes the app to crash with Invariant Violation: Bad output range. The crash can be avoided by having at least two routes or disabling shifting.
This is perhaps an obscure edge case, but I ran into it while establishing react-navigation-material-bottom-tabs in a new project, adding one route at a time. I thought I would report it on that repo, but then I tested and found it's a problem with this underlying code. I doubt this is impacting many people in practice, but it could cause difficulties for new people just starting to test the features.
Here's a Snack demonstrating the issue: https://snack.expo.io/SJ5BLmnVr
You should see the red crash screen when loading that Snack in the device.

If you comment out shifting on line 31, the app will run fine and provide a tab bar with a single icon without shifting.
Alternatively, if you uncomment lines 15-16 and 24-25, the app will run fine and provide a tab bar with 3 icons with shifting.
On one hand, there is an error but on the other what is the purpose of using a shifting prop with only one tab? WIll this bug appear in the real-world app?
Like I said above, probably not, except for someone who is new to the library and just getting started. I wouldn't consider it a high-priority issue.
Yes, we definitely should at least have better error reporting here, especially for newcomers, as you said. Or fix the issue :D
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On one hand, there is an error but on the other what is the purpose of using a shifting prop with only one tab? WIll this bug appear in the real-world app?