Efcore: EF Migration Error : Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContextOptions

[fanxiaoyuan]

Hi,
I've got exactly the same error https://github.com/aspnet/EntityFrameworkCore/issues/14905 while creating my first entity framework core project.
The command : dotnet ef migrations add _name_of_migration_

Here is the callstack:
PM> dotnet ef migrations add MyFirstMigration --project "PathOfMyProjectMyProject.csproj"

System.InvalidOperationException: Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContextOptions`1[Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext]' while attempting to activate 'MyProject.Data.MyDbContext'.

at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteFactory.CreateArgumentCallSites(Type serviceType, Type implementationType, CallSiteChain callSiteChain, ParameterInfo[] parameters, Boolean throwIfCallSiteNotFound)

at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteFactory.CreateConstructorCallSite(Type serviceType, Type implementationType, CallSiteChain callSiteChain)

at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteFactory.TryCreateExact(ServiceDescriptor descriptor, Type serviceType, CallSiteChain callSiteChain)

at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteFactory.TryCreateExact(Type serviceType, CallSiteChain callSiteChain)

at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteFactory.CreateCallSite(Type serviceType, CallSiteChain callSiteChain)

at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.ServiceProviderEngine.CreateServiceAccessor(Type serviceType)

at System.Collections.Concurrent.ConcurrentDictionary2.GetOrAdd(TKey key, Func2 valueFactory)

at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.ServiceProviderEngine.GetService(Type serviceType, ServiceProviderEngineScope serviceProviderEngineScope)

at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.ServiceProviderEngineScope.GetService(Type serviceType)

at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ActivatorUtilities.GetServiceOrCreateInstance(IServiceProvider provider, Type type)

at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design.Internal.DbContextOperations.<>c__DisplayClass12_2.b__11()

at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design.Internal.DbContextOperations.CreateContext(Func`1 factory)

at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design.Internal.DbContextOperations.CreateContext(String contextType)

at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design.Internal.MigrationsOperations.AddMigration(String name, String outputDir, String contextType)

at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design.OperationExecutor.AddMigrationImpl(String name, String outputDir, String contextType)

at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design.OperationExecutor.AddMigration.<>c__DisplayClass0_1.<.ctor>b__0()

at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design.OperationExecutor.OperationBase.<>c__DisplayClass3_0`1.b__0()

at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design.OperationExecutor.OperationBase.Execute(Action action)

Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContextOptions`1[Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext]' while attempting to activate 'MyProject.Data.MyDbContext'.

Steps to reproduce

• Create a new asp.net core api project
• Add class MyDbContext:

public class MyDbContext : DbContext
    {
        public MyDbContext(DbContextOptions<DbContext> options) : base(options)
        {
        }

        public DbSet<Value> Values { get; set; }
    }

• Value.cs:

    public class Value
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
    }

• In startup class, add the context:

        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddDbContext<MyDbContext>(x => x.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection")));
            services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_2);
        }

In appsettings.json

{
  "ConnectionStrings": {
    "DefaultConnection": "Data Source=MyProject.db" 
  },
  "Logging": {
    "LogLevel": {
      "Default": "Warning"
    }
  },
  "AllowedHosts": "*"
}

-Package Manager Console

Install-Package Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Sqlite
Install-Package Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools -Version 2.2.3
dotnet ef migrations add MyFirstMigration --project "PathOfMyProjectMyProject.csproj"

Further technical details

EF Core version: (found in project.csproj or packages.config)
Database Provider:
Operating system: Win64
IDE: Visual Studio 2017 15.9.8

The csproj:

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web">

  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFramework>netcoreapp2.2</TargetFramework>
    <AspNetCoreHostingModel>InProcess</AspNetCoreHostingModel>
  </PropertyGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.App" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Razor.Design" Version="2.2.0" PrivateAssets="All" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Sqlite" Version="2.2.3" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools" Version="2.2.3">
      <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
      <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers</IncludeAssets>
    </PackageReference>
  </ItemGroup>

</Project>

[fanxiaoyuan]

refering to https://github.com/aspnet/EntityFrameworkCore/issues/9547, error persists after added
ervices.AddScoped(sp => sp.GetService());

[ajcvickers]

@fanxiaoyuan The constructor of your context class needs to be:

C# public MyDbContext(DbContextOptions<MyDbContext> options) : base(options) { }

[rohitj559]

I had a similar issue and was able to get it fixed by following the solution above.

[k290]

Commenting here in case someone else comes across this. It also gives this error if you are using an inmemory database. I had to change it to the real thing to add migrations

[cmonstoke]

The above Solution results in Error CS1503 Argument 1: cannot convert from 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContextOptions' to 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContextOptions' at compile time for me.

[juganpeeris]

Same for me as @cmonstoke Were you able to find a solution

[Alex-Horlock]

Same for me as @cmonstoke Were you able to find a solution

I finally found a solution here: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/45791795/unable-to-resolve-service-for-type-applicationcontext

Basically don't bother with 'DbContextOptions< Context > options' and use 'DbContextOptions options' and it all just works.

[cmonstoke]

@juganpeeris sorry been afk for a while and no I didn’t resolve this sorry.

[LuisDev99]

.NET Core Version: 5
Entity Framework Core Version: 5

I had multiple projects, basically a Infrastructure project that contained the Configurations/Repository and the API project which had the Startup.cs that injected dependencies.

So, in the command, I had to specify the API project (because thats where the injection occurs), like this:

C:\some\folders\Infrastructure> dotnet ef migrations add -s ..\MyAPI_Project\ MyInitialMigration

Adding the -s flag helps entity framework find the startup project.

Evidence:

I hope this picture helps (it shows my project's structure):

I'm very sorry for my English