Cryptography: release 3.4.1 is leading to (PEP 517) error

Created on 8 Feb 2021  ·  7Comments  ·  Source: pyca/cryptography

If you're filing a bug (as opposed to a feature request), please try the
following things:

  • Check the FAQ to see if your issue is covered there:
    https://cryptography.io/en/latest/faq.html
  • Upgrade to the latest version of setuptools and pip
  • Make sure you're on a supported version of OpenSSL
  • Try with the latest version of cryptography
  • Be sure you have the required compilers (both a C compiler and Rust)
    installed if you aren't using the binary wheels.

If none of that works, please make sure to include the following information in
your bug report:

  • Versions of Python, cryptography, cffi, pip, and setuptools
    you're using
  • How you installed cryptography
  • Clear steps for reproducing your bug

Please do not report security issues on Github! Follow the instructions in our
documentation for reporting security issues:
https://cryptography.io/en/latest/security.html

picture manjunathb4461
👍12 👎1

Most helpful comment

Note for other people ending up here after searching:
You might need to add rust, ssl, cargo or link ssl, depending on your platform, everything is well documented here:

https://cryptography.io/en/latest/installation.html

picture olerich on 22 Mar 2021
👍4

All 7 comments

You have filed a bug with nothing but our issue template -- please please include what ti requests: steps for reproducing your bug, as well as what the bug is!

alex picture alex on 8 Feb 2021

Maybe this can help since I am also suffering from this issue.

I am using a MacBook Air M1 running MacOS Big Sur 11.2.

My Python version is 3.9.1.

The pip packages installed globally are:

Package     Version
----------- --------
argcomplete 1.12.2
click       7.1.2
packaging   20.9
pip         21.0.1
pipx        0.16.0.0
pyparsing   2.4.7
setuptools  49.2.1
userpath    1.4.2

My project's Pipfile:

[[source]]
name = "pypi"
url = "https://pypi.org/simple"
verify_ssl = true

[dev-packages]
black = "~=20.8b1"
coverage = "~=5.4.0"
pytest = "~=6.2.2"
SecretStorage = "~=3.3.0"
Sphinx = "~=3.4.3"
tox = "~=3.21.4"
twine = "~=3.3.0"

[packages]
fire = "~=0.4.0"

[pipenv]
allow_prereleases = true

pipenv install --dev fails with:

pipenv install --dev                                                                                                                                                      projectpy/git/f-pipenv !+
Installing dependencies from Pipfile.lock (a0cc5d)...
  🐍   ▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉ 1/1 — 00:00:00
An error occurred while installing cryptography==3.4.1; python_version >= '3.6' --hash=sha256:85c7d84beacf32bf629767f06c78af0350eb869e2830e4ebe05b239c695eca38 --hash=sha256:e63b8da1d77ff60a73d72db68cb72e8ffbe9f7319e5ffa23f6bfe2757d6871e3 --hash=sha256:007edf78a0b96513b94c1c7cc515286aec72f787bdcd11892edcdec9e27e936d --hash=sha256:cd1d14b6c52d9372a7f4682576fa7d9c9d256afa6cc50828b337dbb8a9596066 --hash=sha256:423c12d04df7ed3323e74745cba91056a411bd8f57609a6a64562845ccc5541a --hash=sha256:be70bdaa29bcacf70896dae3a6f3eef91daf51bfba8a49dbfb9c23bb2cc914ba --hash=sha256:4d8df1f5b6b172fe53a465d8fc32134a07ccd4dc677f19af85562bcbc7e97504! Will try again.
Installing initially failed dependencies...
[InstallError]:   File "/Users/egonbraun/.local/pipx/venvs/pipenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pipenv/cli/command.py", line 233, in install
[InstallError]:       retcode = do_install(
[InstallError]:   File "/Users/egonbraun/.local/pipx/venvs/pipenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pipenv/core.py", line 2052, in do_install
[InstallError]:       do_init(
[InstallError]:   File "/Users/egonbraun/.local/pipx/venvs/pipenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pipenv/core.py", line 1304, in do_init
[InstallError]:       do_install_dependencies(
[InstallError]:   File "/Users/egonbraun/.local/pipx/venvs/pipenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pipenv/core.py", line 899, in do_install_dependencies
[InstallError]:       batch_install(
[InstallError]:   File "/Users/egonbraun/.local/pipx/venvs/pipenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pipenv/core.py", line 796, in batch_install
[InstallError]:       _cleanup_procs(procs, failed_deps_queue, retry=retry)
[InstallError]:   File "/Users/egonbraun/.local/pipx/venvs/pipenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pipenv/core.py", line 703, in _cleanup_procs
[InstallError]:       raise exceptions.InstallError(c.dep.name, extra=err_lines)
[pipenv.exceptions.InstallError]: Collecting cryptography==3.4.1
[pipenv.exceptions.InstallError]:   Using cached cryptography-3.4.1.tar.gz (544 kB)
[pipenv.exceptions.InstallError]: ERROR: Disabling PEP 517 processing is invalid: project specifies a build backend of setuptools.build_meta in pyproject.toml
ERROR: Couldn't install package: cryptography

Then I saw some threads on StackOverflow informing to run prior to installing cryptography package:

env LDFLAGS="-L$(brew --prefix [email protected])/lib" CFLAGS="-I$(brew --prefix [email protected])/include" pip install cryptography

Which lead to the following error:

Collecting cryptography
  Using cached cryptography-3.4.1.tar.gz (544 kB)
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
    Preparing wheel metadata ... done
Collecting cffi>=1.12
  Using cached cffi-1.14.4-cp39-cp39-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl
Collecting setuptools-rust>=0.11.4
  Using cached setuptools_rust-0.11.6-py3-none-any.whl (20 kB)
Collecting pycparser
  Using cached pycparser-2.20-py2.py3-none-any.whl (112 kB)
Collecting semantic-version>=2.6.0
  Using cached semantic_version-2.8.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl (15 kB)
Collecting toml>=0.9.0
  Using cached toml-0.10.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (16 kB)
Building wheels for collected packages: cryptography
  Building wheel for cryptography (PEP 517) ... error
  ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
   command: /Users/egonbraun/.pyenv/versions/3.9.1/bin/python /Users/egonbraun/.pyenv/versions/3.9.1/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py build_wheel /var/folders/6n/tjp10_4d5cg053_g3k3_yyb80000gn/T/tmpf3tuj0ar
       cwd: /private/var/folders/6n/tjp10_4d5cg053_g3k3_yyb80000gn/T/pip-install-lmf2i2i7/cryptography_1cb615b27318461da401ee8ffe71c978
  Complete output (145 lines):
  running bdist_wheel
  running build
  running build_py
  creating build
  creating build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9
  creating build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography
  copying src/cryptography/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography
  copying src/cryptography/utils.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography
  copying src/cryptography/__about__.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography
  copying src/cryptography/exceptions.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography
  copying src/cryptography/fernet.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography
  creating build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/_der.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/_types.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/_oid.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat
  creating build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/x509
  copying src/cryptography/x509/oid.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/x509
  copying src/cryptography/x509/ocsp.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/x509
  copying src/cryptography/x509/general_name.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/x509
  copying src/cryptography/x509/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/x509
  copying src/cryptography/x509/extensions.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/x509
  copying src/cryptography/x509/name.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/x509
  copying src/cryptography/x509/base.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/x509
  copying src/cryptography/x509/certificate_transparency.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/x509
  creating build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/backends
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/interfaces.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/backends
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/backends
  creating build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/_serialization.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/cmac.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/_asymmetric.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/_cipheralgorithm.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/poly1305.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/constant_time.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/keywrap.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/hmac.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/hashes.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/padding.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives
  creating build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/bindings
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/bindings
  creating build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/x448.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/backend.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/ec.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/ciphers.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/ocsp.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/x509.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/aead.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/encode_asn1.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/rsa.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/dh.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/cmac.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/utils.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/poly1305.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/ed25519.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/dsa.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/decode_asn1.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/hmac.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/ed448.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/x25519.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/hashes.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  creating build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf/scrypt.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf/pbkdf2.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf/hkdf.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf/x963kdf.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf/kbkdf.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf/concatkdf.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf
  creating build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/twofactor
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/twofactor/totp.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/twofactor
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/twofactor/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/twofactor
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/twofactor/hotp.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/twofactor
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/twofactor/utils.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/twofactor
  creating build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/serialization
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/serialization/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/serialization
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/serialization/pkcs12.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/serialization
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/serialization/pkcs7.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/serialization
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/serialization/ssh.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/serialization
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/serialization/base.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/serialization
  creating build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/ciphers
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/ciphers/algorithms.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/ciphers
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/ciphers/aead.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/ciphers
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/ciphers/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/ciphers
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/ciphers/modes.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/ciphers
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/ciphers/base.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/ciphers
  creating build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric/x448.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric/ec.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric/rsa.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric/dh.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric/utils.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric/ed25519.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric/dsa.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric/ed448.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric/x25519.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric/padding.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric
  creating build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/openssl/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/openssl/_conditional.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/openssl/binding.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/openssl
  running egg_info
  writing src/cryptography.egg-info/PKG-INFO
  writing dependency_links to src/cryptography.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
  writing requirements to src/cryptography.egg-info/requires.txt
  writing top-level names to src/cryptography.egg-info/top_level.txt
  reading manifest file 'src/cryptography.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
  reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
  no previously-included directories found matching 'docs/_build'
  warning: no previously-included files found matching 'vectors'
  warning: no previously-included files matching '*' found under directory 'vectors'
  warning: no previously-included files matching '*' found under directory '.github'
  warning: no previously-included files found matching 'release.py'
  warning: no previously-included files found matching '.coveragerc'
  warning: no previously-included files found matching 'codecov.yml'
  warning: no previously-included files found matching '.readthedocs.yml'
  warning: no previously-included files found matching 'dev-requirements.txt'
  warning: no previously-included files found matching 'tox.ini'
  warning: no previously-included files found matching 'mypy.ini'
  warning: no previously-included files matching '*' found under directory '.zuul.d'
  warning: no previously-included files matching '*' found under directory '.zuul.playbooks'
  writing manifest file 'src/cryptography.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
  running build_ext
  generating cffi module 'build/temp.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/_padding.c'
  creating build/temp.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9
  generating cffi module 'build/temp.macosx-11.2-arm64-3.9/_openssl.c'
  running build_rust

      =============================DEBUG ASSISTANCE=============================
      If you are seeing a compilation error please try the following steps to
      successfully install cryptography:
      1) Upgrade to the latest pip and try again. This will fix errors for most
         users. See: https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/installing/#upgrading-pip
      2) Read https://cryptography.io/en/latest/installation.html for specific
         instructions for your platform.
      3) Check our frequently asked questions for more information:
         https://cryptography.io/en/latest/faq.html
      4) Ensure you have a recent Rust toolchain installed.
      =============================DEBUG ASSISTANCE=============================

  error: Can not find Rust compiler
  ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for cryptography
Failed to build cryptography
ERROR: Could not build wheels for cryptography which use PEP 517 and cannot be installed directly

Hope it helps.

egonbraun picture egonbraun on 8 Feb 2021

You'll need to install Rust for 3.4+ (we don't have wheels for M1 yet, because we have no CI for arm64 macs). If you're on macOS, I imagine you're using homebrew so a brew install rust should get you what you need.

alex picture alex on 8 Feb 2021
👍2

Thanks @alex, closing the issue

manjunathb4461 picture manjunathb4461 on 8 Feb 2021

If someone comes to this thread and still have problems installing cryptography through pipenv here is how I could do it:

env LDFLAGS="-L$(brew --prefix [email protected])/lib" CFLAGS="-I$(brew --prefix [email protected])/include" pipenv run pipenv install --dev
egonbraun picture egonbraun on 8 Feb 2021
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If someone comes to this thread and still have problems installing cryptography through pipenv here is how I could do it:

env LDFLAGS="-L$(brew --prefix [email protected])/lib" CFLAGS="-I$(brew --prefix [email protected])/include" pipenv run pipenv install --dev

Not sure why that was thumbed-down. I ended up here also…

I did this instead, since I was already in an environment:

env LDFLAGS="-L$(brew --prefix [email protected])/lib" CFLAGS="-I$(brew --prefix [email protected])/include" pip install cryptograph

and that allowed the build to proceed.

srl295 picture srl295 on 18 Feb 2021

Note for other people ending up here after searching:
You might need to add rust, ssl, cargo or link ssl, depending on your platform, everything is well documented here:

https://cryptography.io/en/latest/installation.html

olerich picture olerich on 22 Mar 2021
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