Cryptography: Failed to install cryptography 2.6 on macOS and Linux with Python 3.5/3.6/3.7

[robert-cody]

user@user-macbook:~/cryptography-test$ uname -a
Darwin user-macbook 18.2.0 Darwin Kernel Version 18.2.0: Thu Dec 20 20:46:53 PST 2018; root:xnu-4903.241.1~1/RELEASE_X86_64 x86_64
user@user-macbook:~/cryptography-test$ python --version
Python 3.7.2
user@user-macbook:~/cryptography-test$ openssl version
OpenSSL 1.0.2q  20 Nov 2018
user@user-macbook:~/cryptography-test$ virtualenv-3.7 venv
Using base prefix '/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7'
New python executable in /Users/user/cryptography-test/venv/bin/python3.7
Also creating executable in /Users/user/cryptography-test/venv/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...
done.
user@user-macbook:~/cryptography-test$ source venv/bin/activate
(venv) user@user-macbook:~/cryptography-test$ pip install -U pip wheel setuptools
Requirement already up-to-date: pip in ./venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages (19.0.3)
Requirement already up-to-date: setuptools in ./venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages (40.8.0)
Requirement already up-to-date: wheel in ./venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages (0.33.1)
(venv) user@user-macbook:~/cryptography-test$ pip install -U cryptography
Collecting cryptography
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/a3/5f/d5b7d21006e3c1a3919a3cc14e2a5ce1cee1c7ff635f09b31d91bdaff377/cryptography-2.6.tar.gz
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
    Preparing wheel metadata ... done
Collecting six>=1.4.1 (from cryptography)
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/73/fb/00a976f728d0d1fecfe898238ce23f502a721c0ac0ecfedb80e0d88c64e9/six-1.12.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting asn1crypto>=0.21.0 (from cryptography)
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ea/cd/35485615f45f30a510576f1a56d1e0a7ad7bd8ab5ed7cdc600ef7cd06222/asn1crypto-0.24.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting cffi!=1.11.3,>=1.8 (from cryptography)
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/6b/af/e39e89ecbfb676c6aa5855b1795bb207f4005187495c8d40e26b5fb51bfa/cffi-1.12.2-cp37-cp37m-macosx_10_9_x86_64.whl
Collecting pycparser (from cffi!=1.11.3,>=1.8->cryptography)
Building wheels for collected packages: cryptography
  Building wheel for cryptography (PEP 517) ... error
  Complete output from command /Users/user/cryptography-test/venv/bin/python3.7 /Users/user/cryptography-test/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py build_wheel /var/folders/s9/963ts68s1mvdypp8xgr5p8vm0000gn/T/tmpcjy3pv8m:
  running bdist_wheel
  running build
  running build_py
  creating build
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography
  copying src/cryptography/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography
  copying src/cryptography/utils.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography
  copying src/cryptography/__about__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography
  copying src/cryptography/exceptions.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography
  copying src/cryptography/fernet.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/_oid.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/x509
  copying src/cryptography/x509/oid.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/x509
  copying src/cryptography/x509/ocsp.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/x509
  copying src/cryptography/x509/general_name.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/x509
  copying src/cryptography/x509/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/x509
  copying src/cryptography/x509/extensions.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/x509
  copying src/cryptography/x509/name.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/x509
  copying src/cryptography/x509/base.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/x509
  copying src/cryptography/x509/certificate_transparency.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/x509
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/backends
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/interfaces.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/backends
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/backends
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/cmac.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/constant_time.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/keywrap.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/hmac.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/hashes.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/padding.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/mac.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/bindings
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/bindings
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/x448.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/backend.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/ec.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/ciphers.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/ocsp.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/x509.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/aead.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/encode_asn1.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/rsa.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/dh.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/cmac.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/utils.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/ed25519.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/dsa.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/decode_asn1.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/hmac.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/ed448.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/x25519.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/hashes.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf/scrypt.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf/pbkdf2.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf/hkdf.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf/x963kdf.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf/kbkdf.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf/concatkdf.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/twofactor
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/twofactor/totp.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/twofactor
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/twofactor/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/twofactor
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/twofactor/hotp.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/twofactor
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/twofactor/utils.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/twofactor
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/serialization
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/serialization/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/serialization
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/serialization/pkcs12.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/serialization
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/serialization/ssh.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/serialization
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/serialization/base.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/serialization
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/ciphers
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/ciphers/algorithms.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/ciphers
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/ciphers/aead.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/ciphers
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/ciphers/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/ciphers
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/ciphers/modes.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/ciphers
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/ciphers/base.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/ciphers
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric/x448.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric/ec.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric/rsa.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric/dh.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric/utils.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric/ed25519.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric/dsa.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric/ed448.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric/x25519.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric/padding.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/openssl/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/openssl/_conditional.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/openssl
  copying src/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/openssl/binding.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/openssl
  running egg_info
  writing src/cryptography.egg-info/PKG-INFO
  writing dependency_links to src/cryptography.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
  writing requirements to src/cryptography.egg-info/requires.txt
  writing top-level names to src/cryptography.egg-info/top_level.txt
  reading manifest file 'src/cryptography.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
  reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
  no previously-included directories found matching 'docs/_build'
  warning: no previously-included files matching '*' found under directory 'vectors'
  writing manifest file 'src/cryptography.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
  running build_ext
  generating cffi module 'build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/_padding.c'
  creating build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7
  generating cffi module 'build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/_constant_time.c'
  generating cffi module 'build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/_openssl.c'
  building '_openssl' extension
  creating build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/build
  creating build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7
  /usr/bin/clang -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -pipe -Os -isysroot/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk -I/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m -c build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/_openssl.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/_openssl.o -Wconversion -Wno-error=sign-conversion
  build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/_openssl.c:498:10: fatal error: 'openssl/opensslv.h' file not found
  #include <openssl/opensslv.h>
           ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  1 error generated.
  error: command '/usr/bin/clang' failed with exit status 1

  ----------------------------------------
  Failed building wheel for cryptography
  Running setup.py clean for cryptography
Failed to build cryptography
Could not build wheels for cryptography which use PEP 517 and cannot be installed directly

[alex]

Hmmmm, I'm not able to reproduce this,

~ ❯❯❯ mktmpenv
New python executable in /Users/agaynor/.virtualenvs/tempenv-4ee619937d2b/bin/python2.7
Also creating executable in /Users/agaynor/.virtualenvs/tempenv-4ee619937d2b/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...
done.
~ ❯❯❯ pip install cryptography
DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 will reach the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 won't be maintained after that date. A future version of pip will drop support for Python 2.7.
Collecting cryptography
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/19/8e/5f6363948b9c0c3335b198b13458f981278f228fa4546d98fbba8bb1f8f6/cryptography-2.6-cp27-cp27m-macosx_10_6_intel.whl
Collecting enum34; python_version < "3" (from cryptography)
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/c5/db/e56e6b4bbac7c4a06de1c50de6fe1ef3810018ae11732a50f15f62c7d050/enum34-1.1.6-py2-none-any.whl
Collecting cffi!=1.11.3,>=1.8 (from cryptography)
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/91/16/b0f4e7ae4b0994c83bfb146f72d34156c37e2d4d2085497f28071846e041/cffi-1.12.2-cp27-cp27m-macosx_10_6_intel.whl
Collecting six>=1.4.1 (from cryptography)
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/73/fb/00a976f728d0d1fecfe898238ce23f502a721c0ac0ecfedb80e0d88c64e9/six-1.12.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting asn1crypto>=0.21.0 (from cryptography)
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ea/cd/35485615f45f30a510576f1a56d1e0a7ad7bd8ab5ed7cdc600ef7cd06222/asn1crypto-0.24.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting ipaddress; python_version < "3" (from cryptography)
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/fc/d0/7fc3a811e011d4b388be48a0e381db8d990042df54aa4ef4599a31d39853/ipaddress-1.0.22-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting pycparser (from cffi!=1.11.3,>=1.8->cryptography)
Installing collected packages: enum34, pycparser, cffi, six, asn1crypto, ipaddress, cryptography
Successfully installed asn1crypto-0.24.0 cffi-1.12.2 cryptography-2.6 enum34-1.1.6 ipaddress-1.0.22 pycparser-2.19 six-1.12.0

The issue you're having is that you're not getting the wheel for some reason?

[robert-cody]

Try Python 3.7.

[dbanty]

I'm getting the same issue. It fails on Python 3.6 and 3.7 but succeeds on Python 2.7

[alex]

Yup, I can reproduce with python3. What the heck.

[alex]

Ok, what's happening is that we use abi3 wheels, so we only built a single wheel for all python3 versions. Except for some reason, our wheels aren't being built as abi3 now. We're investigating.

[alex]

We haven't changed https://github.com/pyca/cryptography/blob/master/.jenkins/Jenkinsfile-cryptography-wheel-builder in months, so I'm not sure what changed. If anyone understands this, we'd appreciate the assist.

[robert-cody]

BTW installation succeed with Python 3.4, but fails with 3.5/3.6/3.7.

[alex]

That makes sense, we use python3.4 as our "base" for the abi3 wheels, so we're ending up with normal python3 wheels, instead of abi3 ones.

[alex]

This seems to be a pip bug: https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/6304

[alex]

Ok, landing https://github.com/pyca/cryptography/pull/4790 and rebuilding our wheels will resolve this. It'll probably be several hours before this is completed (blame it on timezones) -- I'd suggest pinning your cryptography dependencies until we release 2.6.1

[alex]

2.6.1 fixes this.

[ludokx]

@alex we're not getting the wheel with python 2.7 (tried 15 and 16) on Mac, getting this weird message but the Python requirement should be met:

Skipping link https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/f5/2a/48848dd65908190d68ef389ad8ee9d0010278f7a9118f40d8fed7d84a326/cryptography-2.6.1-cp27-cp27m-macosx_10_6_intel.whl#sha256=6b9e0ae298ab20d371fc26e2129fd683cfc0cfde4d157c6341722de645146537 (from https://pypi.org/simple/cryptography/) (requires-python:>=2.7,!=3.0.*,!=3.1.*,!=3.2.*,!=3.3.*); it is not compatible with this Python

Any idea what this could be? Could cp27m vs cp27mu be the culprit? The latest version found is 1.8.2 and it is cryptography-1.8.2-cp27-cp27mu-macosx_10_10_x86_64.wh

[reaperhulk]

@ludokx Your issue likely isn't related to the 2.6 problem we resolved. What do you get when you do python -c "import sys;print(sys.maxunicode)"? If the number is 1114111 you are running a wide unicode cp27mu build, which is odd since python.org, homebrew, and pyenv (except for a brief window 2 years ago) all ship cp27m builds.

We stopped shipping wide unicode wheels on macOS specifically because nobody uses them and maintaining that build infrastructure is non-trivial.

[ludokx]

@reaperhulk you're correct, that seems to be the culprit. I just checked with our folks and we pre-build our python (for reasons :)) and that changed recently. The change will be reverted so that we should be fine then. I'm also finally upgrading to 3.6 which works without any issue.

Thanks for looking into it!

[tmechen]

anybody coming to this issue because trying to install twine 3.0.0 in a python 3.8 alpine 3.10 container fails with the exact issue listed above?

Dockerfile to reproduce the issue:

FROM python:alpine

RUN apk add build-base python3-dev libffi-dev
RUN pip install twine

Solution
Since last week it needs an additional dependency: libressl-dev
therefore, this works:

RUN apk add build-base python3-dev libffi-dev libressl-dev