Cosmos: Add Integer Conversion -> Binary, Hexadecimal, Octal

[rhendz]

Added the C++ Implementation

[mor11235]

I think that this can be merged with #739

[rhendz]

@mor11235 #739 only addresses Binary conversions, whereas this issue addresses hexadecimal and octal on top of binary.

[imiordanov]

I got it in JavaScript, it supports conversion to any base from 2 to 16. Easily extendable even further, but I think it should be OK as-is. I will fork, push and submit a pull request asap.

[nehal6657]

if it is still open can i do it in c++ or python