Azure-docs: Could not locate the bindings file. Tried:

Created on 25 Nov 2019 · 16Comments · Source: MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs

Hi team,
I moved this from here: https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs.ja-jp/issues/2913

The comment below was machine translated

@masakinoda111 commented 2 days ago
Connect Raspberry Pi to Azure IoT Hub (Node.js)
Running the sample application
When I tried, I got the following error.

pi@raspberrypi:~/iot-hub-node-raspberrypi-client-app $ sudo node index.js 'HostName=test1011musuke.azure-devices.net;DeviceId=raspi;SharedAccessKey=fS6c2LUT1sIb6nWZbnig8rd9L+sdJzz8muecMhKKNBs='
/home/pi/iot-hub-node-raspberrypi-client-app/node_modules/node-wiring-pi/node_modules/bindings/bindings.js:91
throw err
^

Error: Could not locate the bindings file. Tried:
→ /home/pi/iot-hub-node-raspberrypi-client-app/node_modules/node-wiring-pi/build/nodeWiringPi.node
→ /home/pi/iot-hub-node-raspberrypi-client-app/node_modules/node-wiring-pi/build/Debug/nodeWiringPi.node
→ /home/pi/iot-hub-node-raspberrypi-client-app/node_modules/node-wiring-pi/build/Release/nodeWiringPi.node
→ /home/pi/iot-hub-node-raspberrypi-client-app/node_modules/node-wiring-pi/out/Debug/nodeWiringPi.node
→ /home/pi/iot-hub-node-raspberrypi-client-app/node_modules/node-wiring-pi/Debug/nodeWiringPi.node
→ /home/pi/iot-hub-node-raspberrypi-client-app/node_modules/node-wiring-pi/out/Release/nodeWiringPi.node
→ /home/pi/iot-hub-node-raspberrypi-client-app/node_modules/node-wiring-pi/Release/nodeWiringPi.node
→ /home/pi/iot-hub-node-raspberrypi-client-app/node_modules/node-wiring-pi/build/default/nodeWiringPi.node
→ /home/pi/iot-hub-node-raspberrypi-client-app/node_modules/node-wiring-pi/compiled/10.17.0/linux/arm/nodeWiringPi.node
at bindings (/home/pi/iot-hub-node-raspberrypi-client-app/node_modules/node-wiring-pi/node_modules/bindings/bindings.js:88:9)
at Object. (/home/pi/iot-hub-node-raspberrypi-client-app/node_modules/node-wiring-pi/index.js:1:37)
at Module._compile (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:778:30)
at Object.Module._extensions..js (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:789:10)
at Module.load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:653:32)
at tryModuleLoad (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:593:12)
at Function.Module._load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:585:3)
at Module.require (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:692:17)
at require (internal/modules/cjs/helpers.js:25:18)
at Object. (/home/pi/iot-hub-node-raspberrypi-client-app/index.js:10:13)

I'm not sure what the error means, but how can I fix it?

Document Details

⚠ Do not edit this section. It is required for docs.microsoft.com ➟ GitHub issue linking.

ID: a57d05c9-562c-02a5-7ccd-b1b1bb7c8f0c
Version Independent ID: 17ee094f-aee3-ca0c-959b-6380e4ea8b89
Content: Connect Raspberry Pi to Azure IoT Hub in the cloud (Node.js)
Content Source: articles/iot-hub/iot-hub-raspberry-pi-kit-node-get-started.md
Service: iot-hub
GitHub Login: @wesmc7777
Microsoft Alias: wesmc

Pri2 cxp iot-husvc product-issue triaged

Source

CeciAc

Most helpful comment

UPDATE MARCH 9th 2020...

IF you're new to Raspberry Pi's and Azure IoT, then you're discovering:

Microsoft's assigned team doesn't seem to care (not really guys - sorry);
There are numerous "red herrings" (misleading clues) which only make newbies
(including me) really really aggravated.

THAT SAID, I'm committed to trying to RESOLVE this issue, AND EXPLAIN what's going on...

IF you did what I did (buy a NEW Pi4 kit from Amazon, meticulously follow EVERY STEP in the Microsoft Docs), and YOU TOO got this error in your Raspbian Terminal's window:

THIS WAS MY FIRST "RED HERRING" - that (stupidly) AMBIGUOUS error message !

There ISN'T a missing "bindings" file >:-(
There are NUMEROUS "bindings" files all over the various node packages;
These bindings files point to COMPILED JS files called ".node" files;
What IS missing is a .NODE file specified by one of these bindings files!
I VALIDATED this by actually EDITING the bindings.js file itself (line 127) so it has a more accurate exception like this:
'Could not locate a .node file specified in one of the bindings files. Tried looking in the following common paths:\n' +

THEN the error message starts to make SENSE:

the SAMPLE APPLICATION isn't running because it's MISSING a critical .NODE file;
the missing file is "nodeWiringPi.node"

BRIEF-BUT-USEFUL HISTORY LESSON...

nodeWiringPi is the NODEJS version of the popular "WiringPi" package; and
WiringPi is the RASPBERRY PI-based package (think "function library") of the "Wiring" library used on the (wildly-popular) ARDUINO microprocessor boards to manage reading & writing from/to all the various serial and digital "pins" on the Arduino boards; and this was SO popular that when the Raspberry Pi "microCOMPUTER" (more than a "microPROCESSOR" like Arduino) came out, and the Raspberry Pi units ALSO had the SAME types of serial and digital PINS, then it only made sense for someone to:
"PORT" the Arduino's "Wiring" library over to RaspberryPi to become yes-you-guessed-it WiringPi; AND then
"PORT" the WiringPi library over to becoming a set of NODEJS functions, and now you have nodeWiringPi :-)

WHICH BEGS THE QUESTION: WHY ISN'T there a "nodeWiringPi.node" file anywhere?

ANSWER:
This file was SUPPOSED to be actually BUILT on-the-fly when you executed the following commands:
1. THIS command "clones" (creates a local-on-the-Pi4) the sample app's SOURCE CODE:
$ git clone https://github.com/Azure-Samples/iot-hub-node-raspberrypi-client-app
- note: this INCLUDES the nodeWiringPi source code as well (the .node needs to be BUILT)

THIS command then BUILDS all the source code (for all the of numerous nodejs packages which comprise this entire sample app):
$ cd iot-hub-node-raspberrypi-client-app
$ npm install <-- this is the NodePackageManager command which BUILDS .node files !!

IF you WATCH this commands execution output, you'll see:

numerous (37 "errors" and a dozen-or-so "warnings") errors & warnings... and
ultimately a "NOT OK" final message.... meaning _the nodeWiringPi.node file NEVER GOT BUILT !_

NO nodeWiringPi.node file means SAMPLE APP THROWS ERRORS when running !

THIS BEGS THE QUESTION: WHY ISN'T the nodeWiringPi.node file BUILDING ???

I'm STILL working on THAT (wasn't EXPECTING to be troubleshooting the BULLETPROOF SAMPLE APPS FROM MICROSOFT)...

THAT SAID, others HAVE had success MANUALLY installing & building ONLY nodeWiringPi using the following commands:
sudo apt-get install wiringpi <---- THIS command uses Raspbian's apt programm to GET the LINUX ("application") package "wiringpi" as a necessary starting point...

and

npm install node-wiring-pi <---- THIS command ultimately BUILDS the nodeWiringPi.node file, but THIS command will throw the SAME ERRORS as the other .node-building-command above, so...

NEXT I'm going to FIGURE OUT HOW TO GET A GOOD nodeWiringPi.node BUILD

BACK SOON...

-Mark in North Aurora

ps: I'm HOPING there are some people SO annoyed and SO discouraged in trying to get this "dang" sample app working that they find VALUE in the posting I'm providing. Please let me know?

-Mark

markvogt on 10 Mar 2020

👍3 ❤1

All 16 comments

@masakinoda111 I'm sorry to hear that you are facing this issue. There is a Pull Request that has a fix for this you could grab the code from there or just make the changes on your local https://github.com/Azure-Samples/iot-hub-node-raspberrypi-client-app/pull/26

You can see the changes here https://github.com/Azure-Samples/iot-hub-node-raspberrypi-client-app/pull/26/files I will test and merge the PR but it should work. Please let me know how it goes.

Alberto-Vega on 26 Nov 2019

👎3

Hi @masakinoda111 did you have a chance to try the changes on the PR I linked to? did that resolve your issue?

Alberto-Vega on 26 Nov 2019

変更を試してみましたが状況は変わらず、以下のようなエラーが発生します。

/home/pi/iot-hub-node-raspberrypi-client-app/node_modules/node-wiring-pi/node_modules/bindings/bindings.js:91
throw err
^

masakinoda111 on 26 Nov 2019

Hi @masakinoda111 I was able to clear that error by doing

sudo apt-get install wiringpi

followed by:
npm install node-wiring-pi

Can you please try that?

Alberto-Vega on 28 Nov 2019

試してみましたが同様のエラーが発生します。

updateがあったようなので以下を実行しました。
sudo npm install -g npm
そして、もう一度試しましたが、やはり同様のエラーが発生します。

仕方がないのでNode.jsは諦め、現在はPythonでチュートリアルを進めています。
ご対応いただきありがとうございました。

====Used Bing Translator====

I tried it and get a similar error.

Because there seemed to be an update, I did the following.
sudo npm install -g npm
And i've tried it again, but I still get a similar error.

Node.js gave up because there is no other way, and now we are proceeding with tutorials in Python.
Thank you for your support.

masakinoda111 on 29 Nov 2019

Thank you for your feedback @masakinoda111 , if you try using Node.js again, please follow Alberto's suggestion and let us know if you were not successfull.

We will now proceed to close this thread. If there are further questions regarding this matter, please tag me in your reply. We will gladly continue the discussion and we will reopen the issue.

asergaz on 29 Nov 2019

Adding that I am getting the same error when I follow this document:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-hub/iot-hub-raspberry-pi-kit-node-get-started

When I try to connect using my connection string, I get the bindings error described above.

I have tried the steps described above

julie-wins on 25 Jan 2020

Why did you close this thread without resolving the issue?

codepoet80 on 29 Jan 2020

yeah having the exact same issue.

rrodemann on 3 Mar 2020

@CeciAc @Alberto-Vega this problem still exists. i bought a new rpi 3 and also try it on a rpi4 please assist to solve these issue. it is very bad to see that people wants to use azure but stuck on it.

syntetic81 on 6 Mar 2020

👍1

Since this has been an ongoing issue and I've tried all solutions others have had I'm going to abandon the node.js route and try the instructions for C

rrodemann on 6 Mar 2020

MARCH 9 2020... AND THIS IS STILL A PROBLEM !!!

NO idea why this topic was CLOSED when CLEARLY people were having SO MANY problems they were ABANDONING this (node.js-based) sample application and instead openly TELLING you they were going to try the C-based version...

IS "I'm ABANDONING YOUR CODE BECAUSE YOU REFUSE TO FIX IT IN A TIMELY FASHION" somehow translate into "OK to CLOSE the topic" ????

FACT: it's behaviors JUST LIKE THIS that convince new users that Microsoft ISN'T SERIOUS about IoT, so they end up going with OTHER cloud-service provides (you know who) - STOP SCREWING AROUND MICROSOFT !

THAT SAID, here it is MARCH 9th, and I just purchased several BRAND-NEW CanaKits with Raspberry Pi 4 units in them.

CONFIGURATION & READYING these new units has been completely FLAWLESS... UNTIL it came time to RUN YOUR SAMPLE APP.

I get the SAME error message as many other people who AREN'T bothering to post requests-for-fixes because of this team's foolish-interpretation-of-leaving-threads-as-all's-well...

HERE is the beginning of my output (with my key deliberately polluted):

pi@thing1:~/iot-hub-node-raspberrypi-client-app $ sudo node index.js 'HostName=fakehostname.azure-devices.net;DeviceId=thing1;SharedAccessKey=+B0cnSCQnoofcoursethis-isn'tmyrealkeypmXkHuo='
/home/pi/iot-hub-node-raspberrypi-client-app/node_modules/node-wiring-pi/node_modules/bindings/bindings.js:91
throw err
^
Error: Could not locate the bindings file. Tried:

WHAT IS REALLY GOING ON ???

This is a PRISTINE brand-new Raspberry Pi 4 running Raspbian as of March 7th 2020.

I've tried EVERY suggested change I could find thus far on these forums - so far NO LUCK getting it to work, but I'm NOT going to try the C-based version. I'm going to STAY (doggedly) with this nodejs-based version UNTIL IT GETS RESOLVED FOR EVERYONE WITH EQUIPMENT NEWER THAN SUMMER 2019 !!!

PLEASE MICROSOFT FIX YOUR STUFF - THIS IS MORE IMPORTANT THAN EVER IN 2020.

-Mark in North Aurora IL

markvogt on 10 Mar 2020

UPDATE MARCH 9th 2020...

IF you're new to Raspberry Pi's and Azure IoT, then you're discovering:

Microsoft's assigned team doesn't seem to care (not really guys - sorry);
There are numerous "red herrings" (misleading clues) which only make newbies
(including me) really really aggravated.

THAT SAID, I'm committed to trying to RESOLVE this issue, AND EXPLAIN what's going on...

IF you did what I did (buy a NEW Pi4 kit from Amazon, meticulously follow EVERY STEP in the Microsoft Docs), and YOU TOO got this error in your Raspbian Terminal's window:

THIS WAS MY FIRST "RED HERRING" - that (stupidly) AMBIGUOUS error message !

There ISN'T a missing "bindings" file >:-(
There are NUMEROUS "bindings" files all over the various node packages;
These bindings files point to COMPILED JS files called ".node" files;
What IS missing is a .NODE file specified by one of these bindings files!
I VALIDATED this by actually EDITING the bindings.js file itself (line 127) so it has a more accurate exception like this:
'Could not locate a .node file specified in one of the bindings files. Tried looking in the following common paths:\n' +

THEN the error message starts to make SENSE:

the SAMPLE APPLICATION isn't running because it's MISSING a critical .NODE file;
the missing file is "nodeWiringPi.node"

BRIEF-BUT-USEFUL HISTORY LESSON...

nodeWiringPi is the NODEJS version of the popular "WiringPi" package; and
WiringPi is the RASPBERRY PI-based package (think "function library") of the "Wiring" library used on the (wildly-popular) ARDUINO microprocessor boards to manage reading & writing from/to all the various serial and digital "pins" on the Arduino boards; and this was SO popular that when the Raspberry Pi "microCOMPUTER" (more than a "microPROCESSOR" like Arduino) came out, and the Raspberry Pi units ALSO had the SAME types of serial and digital PINS, then it only made sense for someone to:
"PORT" the Arduino's "Wiring" library over to RaspberryPi to become yes-you-guessed-it WiringPi; AND then
"PORT" the WiringPi library over to becoming a set of NODEJS functions, and now you have nodeWiringPi :-)

WHICH BEGS THE QUESTION: WHY ISN'T there a "nodeWiringPi.node" file anywhere?

THIS command then BUILDS all the source code (for all the of numerous nodejs packages which comprise this entire sample app):
$ cd iot-hub-node-raspberrypi-client-app
$ npm install <-- this is the NodePackageManager command which BUILDS .node files !!

IF you WATCH this commands execution output, you'll see:

numerous (37 "errors" and a dozen-or-so "warnings") errors & warnings... and
ultimately a "NOT OK" final message.... meaning _the nodeWiringPi.node file NEVER GOT BUILT !_

NO nodeWiringPi.node file means SAMPLE APP THROWS ERRORS when running !

THIS BEGS THE QUESTION: WHY ISN'T the nodeWiringPi.node file BUILDING ???

I'm STILL working on THAT (wasn't EXPECTING to be troubleshooting the BULLETPROOF SAMPLE APPS FROM MICROSOFT)...

and

npm install node-wiring-pi <---- THIS command ultimately BUILDS the nodeWiringPi.node file, but THIS command will throw the SAME ERRORS as the other .node-building-command above, so...

NEXT I'm going to FIGURE OUT HOW TO GET A GOOD nodeWiringPi.node BUILD

BACK SOON...

-Mark in North Aurora

ps: I'm HOPING there are some people SO annoyed and SO discouraged in trying to get this "dang" sample app working that they find VALUE in the posting I'm providing. Please let me know?

-Mark

markvogt on 10 Mar 2020

👍3 ❤1

@CeciAc @Alberto-Vega this problem still exists. i bought a new rpi 3 and also try it on a rpi4 please assist to solve these issue. it is very bad to see that people wants to use azure but stuck on it.

You & I are in complete agreement.
DON'T UPLOAD sample applications that DON'T work and you're NOT SUPPORTING...

TRYING to decide if we're (my teammates & I) are going to:
a. keep beating our heads against the wall making node.js (javascript approach) work; OR
b. switch over to PYTHON (which we like better anyways)

ME?
Time is MONEY... so it's off to PYTHON land for Raspberry Pi4-to-AzureIoTHub connectivity :-)

markvogt on 10 Mar 2020

Holy $%@# Mark, you figured it out. Thanks a lot. I've been trying to fix this for a week or two. The 2 commands you mentioned above:

sudo apt-get install wiringpi
npm install node-wiring-pi

Fixed my problem. Up arrowed to my statement "sudo node index.js ...." and it started sending to Azure.
Cheers to your for persistence and ownership!

rrodemann on 11 Mar 2020

We just updated the US version of this topic. Others should be updated soon. An updated sample has been provided to clear up most if not all the issues with the old stale sample.

Updated English US version of the topic:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-hub/iot-hub-raspberry-pi-kit-node-get-started